Radicale/radicale/httputils.py

# This file is part of Radicale - CalDAV and CardDAV server
# Copyright © 2008 Nicolas Kandel
# Copyright © 2008 Pascal Halter
# Copyright © 2008-2017 Guillaume Ayoub
# Copyright © 2017-2022 Unrud <unrud@outlook.com>
# Copyright © 2024-2024 Peter Bieringer <pb@bieringer.de>
#
# This library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Radicale.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

"""
Helper functions for HTTP.

"""

import contextlib
import os
import pathlib
import sys
import time
from http import client
from typing import List, Mapping, Union, cast

from radicale import config, pathutils, types
from radicale.log import logger

if sys.version_info < (3, 9):
    import pkg_resources

    _TRAVERSABLE_LIKE_TYPE = pathlib.Path
else:
    import importlib.abc
    from importlib import resources

    _TRAVERSABLE_LIKE_TYPE = Union[importlib.abc.Traversable, pathlib.Path]

NOT_ALLOWED: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.FORBIDDEN, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "Access to the requested resource forbidden.")
FORBIDDEN: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.FORBIDDEN, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "Action on the requested resource refused.")
BAD_REQUEST: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.BAD_REQUEST, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),), "Bad Request")
NOT_FOUND: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.NOT_FOUND, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "The requested resource could not be found.")
CONFLICT: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.CONFLICT, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "Conflict in the request.")
METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "The method is not allowed on the requested resource.")
PRECONDITION_FAILED: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.PRECONDITION_FAILED,
    (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),), "Precondition failed.")
REQUEST_TIMEOUT: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.REQUEST_TIMEOUT, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "Connection timed out.")
REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "Request body too large.")
REMOTE_DESTINATION: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.BAD_GATEWAY, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "Remote destination not supported.")
DIRECTORY_LISTING: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.FORBIDDEN, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "Directory listings are not supported.")
INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR: types.WSGIResponse = (
    client.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, (("Content-Type", "text/plain"),),
    "A server error occurred.  Please contact the administrator.")

DAV_HEADERS: str = "1, 2, 3, calendar-access, addressbook, extended-mkcol"

MIMETYPES: Mapping[str, str] = {
    ".css": "text/css",
    ".eot": "application/vnd.ms-fontobject",
    ".gif": "image/gif",
    ".html": "text/html",
    ".js": "application/javascript",
    ".manifest": "text/cache-manifest",
    ".png": "image/png",
    ".svg": "image/svg+xml",
    ".ttf": "application/font-sfnt",
    ".txt": "text/plain",
    ".woff": "application/font-woff",
    ".woff2": "font/woff2",
    ".xml": "text/xml"}
FALLBACK_MIMETYPE: str = "application/octet-stream"


def decode_request(configuration: "config.Configuration",
                   environ: types.WSGIEnviron, text: bytes) -> str:
    """Try to magically decode ``text`` according to given ``environ``."""
    # List of charsets to try
    charsets: List[str] = []

    # First append content charset given in the request
    content_type = environ.get("CONTENT_TYPE")
    if content_type and "charset=" in content_type:
        charsets.append(
            content_type.split("charset=")[1].split(";")[0].strip())
    # Then append default Radicale charset
    charsets.append(cast(str, configuration.get("encoding", "request")))
    # Then append various fallbacks
    charsets.append("utf-8")
    charsets.append("iso8859-1")
    # Remove duplicates
    for i, s in reversed(list(enumerate(charsets))):
        if s in charsets[:i]:
            del charsets[i]

    # Try to decode
    for charset in charsets:
        with contextlib.suppress(UnicodeDecodeError):
            return text.decode(charset)
    raise UnicodeDecodeError("decode_request", text, 0, len(text),
                             "all codecs failed [%s]" % ", ".join(charsets))


def read_raw_request_body(configuration: "config.Configuration",
                          environ: types.WSGIEnviron) -> bytes:
    content_length = int(environ.get("CONTENT_LENGTH") or 0)
    if not content_length:
        return b""
    content = environ["wsgi.input"].read(content_length)
    if len(content) < content_length:
        raise RuntimeError("Request body too short: %d" % len(content))
    return content


def read_request_body(configuration: "config.Configuration",
                      environ: types.WSGIEnviron) -> str:
    content = decode_request(configuration, environ,
                             read_raw_request_body(configuration, environ))
    if configuration.get("logging", "request_content_on_debug"):
        logger.debug("Request content:\n%s", content)
    else:
        logger.debug("Request content: suppressed by config/option [logging] request_content_on_debug")
    return content


def redirect(location: str, status: int = client.FOUND) -> types.WSGIResponse:
    return (status,
            {"Location": location, "Content-Type": "text/plain"},
            "Redirected to %s" % location)


def _serve_traversable(
        traversable: _TRAVERSABLE_LIKE_TYPE, base_prefix: str, path: str,
        path_prefix: str, index_file: str, mimetypes: Mapping[str, str],
        fallback_mimetype: str) -> types.WSGIResponse:
    if path != path_prefix and not path.startswith(path_prefix):
        raise ValueError("path must start with path_prefix: %r --> %r" %
                         (path_prefix, path))
    assert pathutils.sanitize_path(path) == path
    parts_path = path[len(path_prefix):].strip('/')
    parts = parts_path.split("/") if parts_path else []
    for part in parts:
        if not pathutils.is_safe_filesystem_path_component(part):
            logger.debug("Web content with unsafe path %r requested", path)
            return NOT_FOUND
        if (not traversable.is_dir() or
                all(part != entry.name for entry in traversable.iterdir())):
            return NOT_FOUND
        traversable = traversable.joinpath(part)
    if traversable.is_dir():
        if not path.endswith("/"):
            return redirect(base_prefix + path + "/")
        if not index_file:
            return NOT_FOUND
        traversable = traversable.joinpath(index_file)
    if not traversable.is_file():
        return NOT_FOUND
    content_type = MIMETYPES.get(
        os.path.splitext(traversable.name)[1].lower(), FALLBACK_MIMETYPE)
    headers = {"Content-Type": content_type}
    if isinstance(traversable, pathlib.Path):
        headers["Last-Modified"] = time.strftime(
            "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT",
            time.gmtime(traversable.stat().st_mtime))
    answer = traversable.read_bytes()
    return client.OK, headers, answer


def serve_resource(
        package: str, resource: str, base_prefix: str, path: str,
        path_prefix: str = "/.web", index_file: str = "index.html",
        mimetypes: Mapping[str, str] = MIMETYPES,
        fallback_mimetype: str = FALLBACK_MIMETYPE) -> types.WSGIResponse:
    if sys.version_info < (3, 9):
        traversable = pathlib.Path(
            pkg_resources.resource_filename(package, resource))
    else:
        traversable = resources.files(package).joinpath(resource)
    return _serve_traversable(traversable, base_prefix, path, path_prefix,
                              index_file, mimetypes, fallback_mimetype)


def serve_folder(
        folder: str, base_prefix: str, path: str,
        path_prefix: str = "/.web", index_file: str = "index.html",
        mimetypes: Mapping[str, str] = MIMETYPES,
        fallback_mimetype: str = FALLBACK_MIMETYPE) -> types.WSGIResponse:
    # deprecated: use `serve_resource` instead
    traversable = pathlib.Path(folder)
    return _serve_traversable(traversable, base_prefix, path, path_prefix,
                              index_file, mimetypes, fallback_mimetype)